v.2, n.2, 13
Editor´s viewpoint
Statistical evaluation of the Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology – The first two years
Fernando Y. M. Hosomi, Antonio C. Alessi, Paulo C. Maiorka
Abstract
The Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Pathology (BJVP) is the official electronic periodical of the Brazilian Association of Veterinary Pathology. The purpose of the BJVP is to publish original full papers, short communications, case reports, letters, reviews (by invited experts) and abstracts of scientific meetings in the fields of natural and experimental pathology, directed to the national and international scientific community
The present communication provides information regarding some of the BJVP numeric details, its target audience and statistical data of worldwide reader’s access in these first two years of publication, in order to better inform interested authors and readers regarding the Journal’s scope and range.
Key Words: Scientific journals, information technology, veterinary pathology
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-13-20881_2009_12_30_58_18
v.2, n.2, 14
Letter to the editor
Nephroblastoma in an 11-week-old male Wistar rat with unaltered haematological and plasma biochemical parameters
R. Madheswaran, P. Kalaiselvan, K. Y. Mathur, P. D. Shelar, J. J. Bhelonde, V. V. Pande, Venkatesha Udupa, V. M. Shingatgeri
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-14-20881_2009_12_30_1_56
v.2, n.2, 15
Original full paper
Clinical features of indurative mastitis caused by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus
Lilian Gregory, Eduardo H. Birgel Junior, Maria do Carmo C. S. H. Lara, Marcelo Angelini, Wanderley P. Araújo, Huber Rizzo, Paulo C. Maiorka, Roberto S. Castro, Ana C. M. Kiraly, Fernando J. Benesi, Eduardo H. Birgel
Abstract
Forty seven mammary glands affected by indurative mastitis were analyzed in order to study parenchyma alterations caused by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. The study was based on physical examination of the animals and physical-chemical characteristics of the milk. Diagnosis was based on physical examination, serological results, PCR of the milk and histopathology from the mammary tissue. Physical examination showed that indurative process affected the parenchyma of all animals. In many cases, there were nodules of different sizes. PCR detected the virus in the parenchyma and milk of many animals showing that mastitis was caused by a virus. Only 2.35% (47/2000) of the glands evaluated showed consistency alterations related to the virus. pH, chloride content and electroconductivity, as well as somatic cells counts, were greater in animals infected by CAE virus. Alterations in the consistency of the mammary parenchyma were observed in the 25 animals infected. Diameter of the nodules in the parenchyma of eight glands ranged from 1 to 3 cm. Retromammary lymphnodes were enlarged in 4 of 47 glands (8.5%). No clumps were observed in milk samples, but secretion had an aqueous appearance. From the 34 milk samples analyzed, 18/34 (52.9%) showed normal physical-chemical parameters; 9 showed onetwo abnormal parameters, and 7 showed 3more abnormal parameters.
Key Words: Goats, arthritis, encephalitis, mastitis, virus.
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-15-20881_2009_12_30_3_19
v.2, n.2, 16
Original full paper
Choroid plexus involvement in dogs with spontaneous visceral leishmaniasis: a histopathological investigation
Guilherme D. Melo, Gisele F. Machado
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis is associated with chronic inflammatory stimulation, resulting in different clinical manifestations, ranging from unapparent infection to a systemic disease. In dogs, there are descriptions of neurological involvement with inflammatory infiltrates and specific antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid. To investigate the involvement of the choroid plexus and the blood-CSF barrier during the infection, we describe the morphological alterations in the choroid plexi of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi. A total of 44 mixed-breed adult dogs were ed from the Veterinary Hospital of UNESP-Araçatuba and from the Zoonosis Control Center in Araçatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil. This area is endemic for canine visceral leishmaniasis. Routine ELISA tests and cytological examination of a tissue smear of the popliteous lymph node were proceeded to diagnose Leishmania infection. During the necroscopic examination, the brain was collected and samples containing the choroid plexi were stored in 10% buffered formalin and subjected to histological procedures, following staining with haematoxylin–eosin, Congo red and Masson’s trichromic. The dogs were classified in three experimental groups: symptomatic dogs (n=11), oligosymptomatic dogs (n=21) and uninfected dogs (n=12). The choroid plexi of symptomatic and oligosymptomatic dogs presented a chronic inflammatory reaction with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in higher intensity than the control dogs (P=0.0044). These findings give additional support to confirm that the choroid plexus is an important mediator between periphery and the brain, and that the choroid plexus acts as pathway to initiate an inflammatory process within the nervous tissue in visceral leishmaniasis.
Key Words: Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, central nervous system, choroid plexus, inflammation, Leishmania chagasi
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-16-20881_2009_12_30_4_24
v.2, n.2, 17
Short Communication
Apoptosis detection in embryonic chicken lymphoid tissues infected with attenuated very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV)
Ane F. Tapparo, Deriane E. Gomes, Camila Silva, Heitor F. Ferrari, Maria C. R. Luvizotto, Tereza C. Cardoso
Abstract
We exposed chicken embryos at embryonating day (ED18) to a cell-adapted very virulent strain of IBDV (ca-vvIBDV) and original vvIBDV and examined the apoptosis from infected bursa of Fabricius (BF) and thymus organs. Following ca-vvIBDV exposure, embryonic bursa showed mild cellular destruction, lower rate of apoptosis and presence of viral proteins detectable by immunohistochemistry. In contrary, original vvIBDV exposed embryos had an enhanced detectable changes in the bursa associated to an increase apoptotic events, and most of the times, total destruction of BF follicles. In thymus, viral antigen was detectable until after hatch. Positives cell signals to activated caspase-3 were intensively detect in embryos lymphoid tissues exposed to original vvIBDV observed in BF and less in thymus. No immunoreactive thymocytes were visualized in embryos exposed to ca-vvIBDV. Apoptosis changes, such as chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and the appearance of apoptotic nuclear bodies, were observed in both organs. TUNEL-detected DNA was more intense in original vvIBDV infected lymphoid cells, and less apoptotic cells were detectable in attenuated strain. By sequencing analysis, the attenuation presented amino acid changes at position 222 (A®P), 256 (I®V) and 279 (D®N). One serine in the serine-rich heptapeptide (position 333) was substituted into other amino acid which is similar to the IBDV vaccine strain. Taken together our results indicate that virus attenuation interferes with caspase-3 apoptotic pathway and may play an important role in switch viral pathogenesis.
Key Words: IBDV, activated caspase-3, apoptosis
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-17-20881_2009_12_30_5_14
v.2, n.2, 18
Case report
Transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in a dog with combined treatment with unilateral nephrectomy and carboplatin
Natália M. Ocarino, Patrícia C. Souza, Jankerle N. Boeloni, Gleidice E. Lavalle, Eliana M. Souza, Luiz C. Pereira, Rogéria Serakides.
Abstract
A transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis was diagnosed in a 10-year-old, male German shepherd that presented with a 1-month history of hematuria and weight loss. Unilateral nephrectomy and chemotherapy with carboplatin was applied, but the dog was euthanized five months after the surgery due to metastasis.
Key Words: Chemotherapy, kidney, neoplasia
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-18-20881_2009_12_30_6_5
v.2, n.2, 19
Case report
An outbreak of chlamydiosis in captive psittacines
Roselene Ecco, Ingred S. Preis, Nelson R. S. Martins, Daniel A. R. Vilela, Hulimangala L. Shivaprasad
Abstract
This paper describes an outbreak of chlamydiosis in psittacines recovered in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from illegal trade in the Brazilian Southeastern Region. Clinically, some birds showed apathy and anorexiadied suddenly without evidence of clinical signs. Necropsy was performed on 15 psittacines; 13 Amazon parrots (A. aestiva), one Peach-fronted parakeet (Aratinga aurea) and one Scaly-headed parrot (Pionus maximiliani). The most visible macroscopic changes were mild to marked hepatomegaly, with many white foci ranging in size from 1 mm to 100 mm that extended in to the parenchyma. Other findings included splenomegaly and fibrinopurulent airsacculitis. Microscopic lesions included multifocal to coalescing foci of necrosis of hepatocytes with infiltration of heterophils and lymphocytes and plasma cells randomly scattered through out. In some parrots there were multiple foci of necrotic and granulomatous hepatitis with biliary duct proliferation. The birds with splenomegaly had loss of normal architecture and infiltration of macrophages mixed with plasma cells, fibrin and heterophils. The PVK (modified Gimenez) and Giemsa stains revealed small round intracytoplasmic bacteria approximately 1&956;m in diameter suggestive of Chlamydophila psittaci, in the cytoplasm of macrophages of spleens and livers. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using monoclonal antibodies for C. psitacci confirmed Chlamydophila in the cytoplasm of macrophages of the liver and spleen and in a few other organs of four parrots.
Key Words: Psittacines, diseases of birds, Chlamydiosis, Chlamydophila psittaci, pathology, immunohistochemistry
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-19-20881_2009_12_30_7_20
v.2, n.2, 20
Case report
True hermaphroditism in a Wistar rat
R. Madheswaran, V. V. Pande, P. Kalaiselvan, K. Y. Mathur, P. D. Shelar, J. J. Bhelonde, Venkatesha Udupa, V. M. Shingatgeri
Abstract
A rare case of true hermaphroditism was observed in a 9-week-old presumed female Wistar rat. This rat did not reveal any untoward clinical signs, food consumption, body weight gain and changes in haemato-biochemical parameters. Grossly, rat showed reduced size of the left ovary and shortened uterine horn. Microscopically, ovotestis was observed in the left ovarian tissue. Ovary consisted of numerous developing follicles at different stages of development with absence of corpora lutea. Developing testis contained seminiferous tubules lined with sertoli cells and sparse spermatogonial population. Left oviduct resembling developing epididymis consisting of tubules embedded in proliferating fibrous connective tissue, lined with multilayered ciliated columnar epithelial cells. Most of them were empty but, few had eosinophilic secretion and some of them contained exfoliated germ cells. Left uterine horn showed increased stromal connective tissue without proliferation of endometrial glands. A histopathological examination of left ovarian tissue implies a case of true hermaphroditism.
Key Words: Wistar rat, hermaphrodite, ovotestis, follicles, seminiferous tubules.
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-20-20881_2009_12_30_9_16
v.2, n.2, 21
Case report
Naturally occurring systemic canine distemper virus infection in a pup
Selwyn A. Headley, Antti Sukura
Abstract
This report describes the pathologic and immunohistochemical findings associated with naturally occurring systemic canine distemper virus (CDV) infection in a dog. Clinically, there was lymphopenia and hyperkeratosis of footpads, while pneumonia was identified by radiology. Gross lesions consisted of bilateral ocular discharge and discrete digital hyperkeratosis. By histopathology, there was severe interstitial pneumonia and necrosis of splenic germinal centers. Additionally, eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed within cerebellar astrocytes without marked manifestation of CDV-induced encephalitis. Further, intracytoplasmic bodies were identified within the epithelial cells of the renal pelvis, lung, and urinary bladder. Immunohistochemistry identified the presence of CDV antigens in these tissues and further confirmed the systemic infection to the epidermis of footpads, heart, liver, intestine, spleen, and lymph node.
Key Words: Dog; canine distemper virus, histopathology, immunohistochemistry.
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-21-20881_2009_12_30_11_41
v.2, n.2, 22
Case report
Systemic canine protothecosis
Liza N. Souza, Alessandra Estrela-Lima, Eduardo L.T. Moreira, Lorena G. R. Ribeiro, Mariana N. Xavier, Teane M. A. Silva, Érica A. Costa, Renato L. Santos
Abstract
Protothecosis is a rare disease caused by achlorophyllic algae of the genus Prototheca.This case involved a 5 year-old intact female Cocker Spaniel, with a history of mild and persistent diarrhea that was not responsive to treatment. Clinical signs progressed to watery and bloody diarrhea followed by development of ocular signs, including complete and bilateral retinal displacement, glaucoma, synechia, and blindness. At necropsy, lesions observed consisted of necro-hemorrhagic enteritis, and multiple white nodular lesions in the heart, pancreas, kidneys, and thyroid gland. Microscopically, the nodular lesions were characterized by a chronic histiocytic inflammatory infiltrate associated with a severe accumulation of organisms with morphology and histochemical features compatible with Prototheca sp.
Key Words: Dog, Prototheca spp., chronic diarrhea, colitis
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-22-20881_2009_12_30_13_41
v.2, n.2, 23
Case report
Chronic pericarditis in a naturally Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi infected dog
Bruno C. Silva, Milene A. Rachid, Fernanda G. Vieira, Maria M. Figueiredo, Guilherme R. Valle, Wagner L. Tafuri, João C. Toledo Júnior,Vitor M. Ribeiro
Abstract
Visceral Leishmaniasis is an infection disease of chronic evolution caused by the protozoan Leishmania sp. The main clinical manifestations in dogs are anemia, progressive weight loss, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and cutaneous lesions. The heart involvement in visceral leishmaniasis has been rarely reported. The aim of this work was to describe the presence of amastigote forms of Leishmania sp. and associated lesions in the heart of naturally infected dog. For diagnosis analysis, serological tests for anti-Leishmania antibodies and fine-needle aspirative bone marrow cytology were used. The samples (right ventricle and ear skin) were histologically evaluated and processed for imunodetection of Leishmania sp. The most significant histological change was an intense, non-specific, chronic pericarditis associated with intracytoplasmatic amastigotes within macrophages. The tissue parasitism was confirmed through positive imunomarcation. This is a first report of pericardium compromisement of naturally Leishmania infected adult dog.
Key Words: Heart, Leishmania sp., visceral leishmaniasis, dogs.
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-23-20881_2009_12_30_15_6
v.2, n.2, 24
Review article
Prognostic Indicators for Mast Cell Tumors
Ricardo F. Strefezzi, Silvia R. Kleeb, José G. Xavier, José L. Catão-Dias
Abstract
Mast cell tumors are among the most common canine cutaneous neoplasms. These tumors are routinely graded with regard to malignancy based on histomorphological features which are related to the post-surgical course of the disease. This classification is the main criterion for clinicians and surgeons to direct the therapy. However, mast cell tumors biologic behavior is extremely variable, leading to frequent failure in treatment. This occurs, for the most part, in tumors with moderate differentiation and can be explained by the fact that they share histomorphological features with the well-differentiated and the poorly-differentiated tumors. Because of these difficulties, several methods have been studied with the objective of predicting tumor behavior and the evolution of the cases in a more precise and trustful manner. The present work reviews the main aspects of this important neoplasm, as well as the available literature about the prognostic indicators, commenting their advantages, disadvantages and the results obtained by various authors.
Key Words: Malignant histiocytosis, histiocytic diseases, neoplasia, pathology, diseases of cats
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-24-20881_2009_12_30_15_51
v.2, n.2, 25
Index
Author Index to Volume 2, 2009
Download full article: V.2,-N.2,-22-20881_2009_12_30_17_39